I did set
sysctl -w kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled=0
and now everything works again. This is a pretty bad bug, as it seems. :-/
Til the bug is fixed I set this to /etc/sysctl.d/local.conf
kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled=0
Although, it has a reason, why this change happened… So may not be the final solution.